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Monday 29 September 2014

What's in the Headlines?




Creator of WWW calls for internet Magna Carter

Sir Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the World Wide Web has called for a revolutionary bill of rights to guaranty the web’s independence. Berners-Lee believes that an internet version of the Magna Carta is necessary to seize power back from governments and private corporations who seek to control the web for their own gain. The British computer scientist has always been a vocal critic of attempts to infringe on the impartiality and neutrality of the web and argues that it must retain its democratic nature.

"Suddenly the power to abuse the open internet has become so tempting both for government and big companies." He told the audience at the Web We Want festival in London.  "If a company can control your access to the internet, if they can control which websites they go to, then they have tremendous control over your life . . . If a government can block you going to, for example, the opposition's political pages, then they can give you a blinkered view of reality to keep themselves in power.”


When Berners-Lee created the World Wide Web, he dreamed of a neutral space where humanity, with all of its “ghastly stuff,” would be free to be itself. "Closed content silos are walling off information posted by their users from the rest of the web. High costs and lack of locally relevant content, especially in the developing world, still exclude the majority of the world's people from the web's global conversation." It is believed that the only information that should be kept off the web relates to things that were illegal before the web, and remain illegal now – such as “child pornography, fraud, telling someone how to rob a bank,” and the like.

Friday 26 September 2014

What's in the Headlines?




Drug Trafficking and Prostitution boost Spain’s GDP by €9 billion

Spain has decided to include illegal activities such as drug trafficking and prostitution into the country’s gross domestic product. On Thursday the country lifted its GDP figures for 2013 by €26.19 billion to €1.05 trillion thanks to the inclusion of such activities and also from contributions of research and development and military armament. 0.35% of Spain’s newly calculated GDP comes from prostitution and 0.50% of it from drug trafficking, amounting to €9 billion, and reducing
the country’s debt ratio of 98.9 percent to 96.4 percent.

The Spanish national statistics agency, the INE, calculated that in 2011 Spain was home to 300,000 prostitutes and used this number to calculate how much they made in consultation with sex clubs. The quantity of drugs seized in 2014 was estimated as a percentage of the whole illegal drugs industry and used to evaluate it. According to figures from the Government Delegation of National Plan on Drugs cannabis is the most popular substance used in Spain with figures reaching 27.4 percent, followed by powder cocaine at 8.8 percent.

The changes to Spain's GDP are a result of new EU reporting requirements, meaning countries now have to provide details on what proportion of gross domestic product is based on activities as diverse as people smuggling, contraband cigarettes and prostitution.


France refused to provide data on prostitution, arguing that it was not necessarily carried out willingly. Sweden, where paying for sex is a crime, also refused. Italy on Monday published its own revised GDP figure, which rose by 3.8 percent when the new norms were applied. Britain has estimated that counting illegal activities could add €12.3 billion to its production, just below one percent of its GDP for 2013.

Monday 22 September 2014

What's in the Headlines?



Peace agreement reached in conflict-stricken Yemen 

Yemeni government officials and Shia rebels signed a peace agreement on Sunday which included plans for an immediate ceasefire and the formation of a technocratic government within a month. Jamal Benomar, the UN's envoy to Yemen, said Saturday that the peace deal "will lay the foundations for national partnership and for security and stability in the country." Benomar struggled to broker a last-minute peace deal between Houthi rebels, a militant Shia movement, and the government.

Violence has raged for several days leaving more than 140 people dead and thousands displaced from their homes. The Houthi rebels seized numerous strategically important installations in Sana'a, including the defence ministry, the central bank, a key military base and Iman University. The Houthi leader, Abdelmalek al-Houthi, is calling for the transitional government in place since 2011 to be dissolved and replaced with a more effective and representative body;  for fuel subsidies cut in July to be reinstated; and for agreements made during peace talks that drew to a close in January to be implemented. The president, Abd Rabbu Mansour Hadi, has largely agreed to his demands.


After the 2012 Arab Spring protests saw the removal of leader Ali Abdullah Saleh, Yemen has witnessed a very instable transition to democracy including Houthi rebel groups and the spread of al Qaeda. 

Monday 15 September 2014

What's in the Headlines?




Russia steps up military presence in the Arctic 

Six Navy ships, including the anti-submarine destroyer, two landing ships and support vessels, have set off for the New Siberian Islands, where an abandoned military base under reconstruction. The base was abandoned almost three decades ago and was reopened last year as part of Russia’s military build-up in the Arctic.

“The Arctic plays a very important role from the point of view of assuring security . . . because of that, first strike American nuclear submarines are concentrated there not far from the coast of Norway – the flight time of their missiles to Moscow is 15 to 15 minutes. But a significant portion of our naval submarine forces are there too.” President Vladimir Putin said in a speech to the Seliger patriotic summer camp.

The Canadian Prime Minister, Stephen Harper, has expressed his concerns about the growing military presence of Russia in the Arctic region. Though the Russia can be described as operating within international rules, Harper was clear that there can be no complacency about it. There have been reports of a fleet of nuclear-powered Russian submarines and icebreakers are patrolling the waters, and that Russian planes had transgressed the boundaries of Canadian airspace many times. Prime Minister Harper described Canada's position as being cautious. 


Russia’s Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov dismissed Canadian accusations as “nonsense”.“We have said many times that we will only act within the framework of international law [in the Arctic], as we have always done and are going to do in the future,” Putin said.

What's in the Headlines?





Migrant death toll rises on route from Libya to Europe

Many migrants leaving Africa to escape instability have drowned near Tajoura, east of Tripoli. The migrants were attempting to cross the Mediterranean to reach safety in Europe.

Navy spokesman Ayub Qassem said 26 people had been rescued after the vessel, carrying 250 went down. Qassem said most of the migrants were Africans and many were women. The use of poorly crafted wooden boats overloaded with desperate migrants have resulted in hundreds of deaths. This most recent tragedy comes just weeks after a vessel carrying migrants sank on the route from Libya to Italy, killing 100 people. Two more migrant vessels have been reported to have sunk in the past few weeks.


Human traffickers are using the unstable atmosphere in Africa to exploit those who seek asylum in Europe. The underequipped Libyan coastguard is struggling to deal with the problem and have few resources to search for survivors. They are currently using fishing boats and tugs borrowed from the oil ministry. 

Friday 12 September 2014

What's in the Headlines?



U.S. Air Marshal assaulted at Nigerian airport 

A U.S. air marshal was assaulted with a syringe containing an "unknown substance" at the Lagos airport in Nigeria on Sunday. There were fears that the syringe may have contained the Ebola virus that has claimed over 2,400 lives in western Africa. However officials have determined that the needle did not appear to contain Ebola or any other dangerous agent.

Officials from the Federal airports authority of Nigeria (FAAN) are in contact with U.S. diplomats to help with the investigation. Yakubu Dati, a spokesperson for FAAN said that a security team form the U.S. mission in Nigeria have reviewed CCTV footage and the Preliminary observation did not show evidence of the incident. The FBI continue to investigate the incident. 

What's in the Headlines?



UK Military will now be relying on it's own media 


The British military devoting more of its resources to filming and photographing its own operations, leaving journalists who document the lives and actions of military personnel slightly out of the loop. It is argues that future conflict that will involve the British military will not likely be a boots on the ground situation like we witnessed in Afghanistan. Infrastructure will not be in place to support a mass of reporters, the documentation of these events will be in the hands of military journalists or “media operators” from the British Army’s Media Operations Group (MOG).

The MOG will be sharing its training facilities with 15 (UK) Psychological Operations Group under the banner of the newly-formed Security Assistance Group - a support Group for the British Army specialising in psyops, content creation, and propaganda. Although NATO's public affairs policy states that the two functions should operate separately. The move signifies a merger of the two contrasting military divisions, the MOG known for documenting objective truths and 15 PsyOps known for conveying what is known as the "dark arts", usually directing its material at an enemy's audience.

Monday 8 September 2014

What's in the Headlines?




Monsoon floods hit India and Pakistan

A state of emergency has been declared in Pakistan as the annual monsoon season hits much harder than expected. The torrential monsoon rains have caused flash floods and landslides killing at least 120 people in India and 160 in Pakistan. The disaster has been reported as the worst weather crisis the region has witnessed in six decades.

In Pakistan at least 4,000 homes have been destroyed. Rescue workers and the army are using helicopters and boats to evacuate locals and have set up close to 50 camps to provide temporary shelter.


In India the heavy rains set off landslides, and Dozens of bridges have been damaged or washed away. At least 300 federal rescue workers have joined thousands of state police and soldiers to rescue tens of thousands of people stranded across the region. 

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Saboteur arrested at Iranian nuclear power plant 

Iranian authorities have arrested a Ukrainian national suspected of sabotage at the country's sole nuclear power plant. An Iranian newspaper, Hamshahri daily, said the "Ukrainian expert" was affiliated with a Russian contractor that works in the power plant. The report did not elaborate on the timing or nature of the alleged sabotage. Iran suspects Western countries of being involved in this plot. In 2010 Iran held Israel and the west responsible for cyber virus attacks which disrupted thousands of centrifuges, which are used in the production of fuel. The west and their allies suspect that Iran is using its power plant as a guise for a nuclear weapons programme.

UN inspectors have gained rare access to an Iranian nuclear facility, giving them a "better understanding" of Tehran's disputed programme. Despite the visit Iran continues to refuse an inspection headed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Inspectors visited a research and development centre for centrifuges on 30 August. Iran says it will use it’s refined uranium to fuel a proposed series of power plants. If enriched to a high concentration of the U-235 isotope of uranium can also be turned into the explosive core of an atomic bomb. There is no evidence that Iran is planning to weaponise the uranium, but western countries continue to impose sanctions on Iran. 

What's in the Headlines?




Ukraine’s ceasefire is close to collapsing 

Shelling and gun fire has erupted in Mariupol and city of Donetsk in eastern Ukraine on Sunday night. This comes after a Friday ceasefire agreement was reached in Minsk. More than 2,600 people have been killed since the conflict began in April. A battalion of Ukrainian fighters said that Grad rockets had been fired at its positions destroying at least one vehicle and setting a fuel station ablaze.

Separatist forces and Russian troops have been accused of targeting Ukrainian tanks just outside of the city. Both sides have blamed each other for violating the ceasefire. Tensions remain high in the region as Russian troops remain in the area, a claim supported by NATO. Military officials in Kiev speculate that the number of Russian troops still in Ukraine could be between 3,000 and 4,000.


On Saturday exercise Steadfast Javelin II was staged in Latvia. The exercise simulates a deployment of NATO forces and equipment in a crisis situation. NATO members and allied eastern European nations fear Russia could invade other Baltic countries and use the defence of Russian speakers a justification, like we saw in Crimea. In total, 2,000 soldiers from nine nations will be involved and further exercises will be carried out across five countries - Germany, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. Further exercises in Germany, Norway, Ukraine, and Poland are scheduled for autumn.

Friday 5 September 2014

NATO Summit 2014



Newport, the third-biggest city in Wales, is this year’s home for the annual NATO summit. Barack Obama, David Cameron and 59 other world leaders will convene in Newport’s Celtic Manor Hotel.
Anti-war protesters were welcomed by the police and were appreciated for carrying out mostly peaceful demonstrations. Memories of violence from previous NATO summits meant police were not taking any chances. Metal barriers were used to prevent protesters from reaching the Celtic Manor resort, and police greatly outnumbered protesters.

An armoured personnel carrier, a tank and an F-35 life-sized model were on display in the Celtic Manor golf resort. A Ministry of Defence (MoD) spokesman said that the displays were intended to showcase British defence capability as well as the country's defence industry.

Eastern European NATO members, including Poland, have appealed to NATO to permanently station troops on their territory to deter possible Russian attack. But not all NATO members agreed with the idea. This is thought to be because of expenses involved and this move would likely breach a 1997 agreement with Russia under which NATO committed to not permanently station large combat forces close to the Russian border. Leaders have agree instead to provide caches of military equipment and resources, in eastern NATO countries with bases ready to receive the rapid reaction force in times needed.

NATO's top official accused Moscow on Thursday of attacking Ukraine, and escalating the conflict. France is to suspend delivery of a state-of-the-art Mistral warship to Russia in protest at Moscow's continued role in unrest in eastern Ukraine. Speaking on the side lines of a NATO summit in Wales, Poroshenko said the ceasefire would be conditional on a planned meeting going ahead in Minsk on Friday of envoys from Ukraine, Russia and Europe's OSCE security watchdog. Poroshenko "At 1400 local time (12:00 noon BST on Friday), provided the (Minsk) meeting takes place, I will call on the General Staff to set up a bilateral ceasefire and we hope that the implementation of the peace plan will begin tomorrow," he told reporters. Oleg Tsaryov, a senior rebel official “in the past we had some ceasefire agreements Poroshenko didn't honour"

Prime Minister David Cameron has warned fellow NATO leaders that they must not pay the requested ransoms to terrorist kidnappers. It comes after he said Britain will not pay a ransom for the UK hostage who Islamic State extremists (IS) are threatening to kill. IS are threatening the life of British aid worker David Cawthorne Haines who has been taken hostage. Nato Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen said: "I do believe the international community as a whole has an obligation to stop the Islamic State from advancing further."


How to stabilize Afghanistan when NATO forces leave at the year's end will also be up for discussion at the summit. Officials have commented that NATO leaders will set up a "spearhead" rapid reaction force, potentially including several thousand troops, that could be sent to a hotspot in as little as two days. 

Monday 1 September 2014

What's in the Headlines?



ISIS chemical and biological weapon documents found

A laptop containing plans for the production and distribution of chemical and biological weapons has been linked to a member of ISIS. The laptop and its more than 35,000 files providing valuable insight into the Islamist State's inner workings. Within these files contained a 19-page document on how to develop biological weapons, including the bubonic plague. "Use small grenades with the virus, and throw them in closed areas like metros, soccer stadiums, or entertainment centers," the document says, reported Foreign Policy. "Best to do it next to the air-conditioning. It also can be used during suicide operations." US officials said the presence of documents on building biological weapons does not necessarily add up to an actual capability to use them.

What's in the Headlines?



Western action against the Islamic State continues

Shia Turkomans living in the Iraqi city of Amirli have been cut off from food and water for nearly two months by Islamic State militants. The city has fortified its position and has been fighting off Islamic State forces since June. The US delivered aid to Amirli and conducted air strikes in the surrounding area hitting three Humvee patrol vehicles, a tank and an armed vehicle held by militants in addition to a checkpoint held by IS. The air strikes cleared a route in which Iraqi troops rescued 12,000 residents of the city.

Tony Abbott, the Prime Minister of Australia, has agreed to assist the US in delivering weapons and humanitarian aid to Kurdish fighters in Iraq. Australia will join Canada, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom in a multinational effort to curb the advance of Islamic State fighters in the region. The Australian government is not providing weapons itself but will be delivering the equipment supplied by other nations.


What's in the Headlines?




Poroshenko fears the Ukraine conflict is reaching “the point of no return.”


Herman Van Rompuy, European Council President the European Union has given Russia one week to reverse course in Ukraine or face new sanctions. Western leaders say there is clear evidence of regular Russian military units operating inside Ukraine with heavy weapons. Russia denies that its forces have illegally crossed into Ukraine. NATO claimed on Thursday that Russia had sent air defence systems, artillery, tanks and armoured vehicles as well as 1,000 troops to support pro-Russia separatists.

Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko said "We are very close to the point of no return". German Chancellor Angela Merkel is hoping to seek a diplomatic solution to the issue and sees no military solution to the conflict. Poroshenko, visited Brussels to urge the EU to take tougher steps as the sanctions imposed by the west seem to do little to halt the advance of Russian forces. Poroshenko will travel to the NATO summit in Wales this week to meet the US president, Barack Obama, to possibly convince the alliance to take more practical action.